Compare and contrast the effects of hypermedia

INTRODUCTIONTechnology is changing the way lessons are taught. A wide variety of multimedia applications teaching various core competencies are now available either freely or commercially. The World Wide Web (WWW) is also becoming a very powerful tool for teaching, allowing teaching materials to be enhanced by hyperlinked audio, video, interactive objects and animations.PURPOSEThe purpose of this document is to compare and contrast the effects of multimedia and hypermedia web-based lessons. It begins by distinguishing the difference between a pure multimedia and a hypermedia web based lessons.DEFINITIONSMultimediaMultimedia is in essence a presentation of information that incorporates multiple media such as text, audio, graphics, and animation (CITEd Learn Center, 2007). Multimedia could be carried in any form and it need not be computerized. It may come in the form of video tape, video CD, DVD or some other form of digital media. Since computers offers one of the most seamless form presentation, multimedia are normally associated with computers. Multimedia presentations are normally distributed in the form of CDROM that can be played live or installed in a computer.HypermediaHypermedia refers to hyperlinked multimedia—the linkage of text, audio, graphics, animation, and/or video through hyperlinks (CITEd Learn Center, 2007). An example would be a hypermedia study guide that offers illustrated textbook content hyperlinked to web-based video and other content, glossary entries, and comprehension questions. Other hypermedia applications for the classroom include supported digital reading environments and lessons. Technically, a hypermedia is also a form of multimedia but for discussion purposes let us use hypermedia for hyperlinked multimedia, and use multimedia instead for the other forms of multimedia presentations.EFFECTS ON WEB BASED LESSONSHypermedia offers more power in terms of integrating curriculum contents. Through interactive objects, it can be used to add attractiveness through user interaction. It can even be applied in the form of games where the user becomes motivated through rewards and punishment. On the other hand, multimedia presentations are normally fixed presentations with no user interaction. It may be part of a web lesson but only a direct link to a fixed video presentation or a download link to fixed multimedia presentation. Hypermedia allows a simple text to be enriched with a lot of hyperlinked vocabulary definitions, glossaries, translations, explanatory notes, background information, and instructional prompts.On the other hand a simple multimedia only offers limited enrichment because it is not associate different forms of media, each must be explained separately. Hypermedia through hyperlinked and pop-ups can use a single text to be represented by several media through a simple point or click operation. Hypermedia can also be use to address a wide variety of needs, providing alternative means to engage l earners. With hypermedia, teachers can help a variety of learners. Moreover, because the various supports are presented as hyperlinks, students can access them independently according to their interest, similar to an on-demand video.Learning using multimedia or hypermedia is significantly more effective than traditional lectures. Although, according to Howard and Carver (1995), multimedia and hypermedia web lessons benefited the best students the most. This is primarily because of their increase interaction with hypermedia instructions. Again, since hypermedia offers more interaction, it is more effective than a pure multimedia presentation.EFFECTS ON WEB BASED LESSONSThe overall effect of hypermedia and multimedia in web lessons is by far very significant. Since hypermedia offers more flexibility in linking several sources of information from main idea to background information it is more effective than purely multimedia web lessons. Hypermedia presentations also are able to addres s a wide variety of needs as oppose to multimedia which mostly focus on a single core competency.

Family Business Case 5 Vega food Company Essay

Family Business Case 5 The Vega Food company owner Francisco Valle Sr had just recently died and now the rest of the family is having problems with the money, shareholders and what exactly are the siblings responsibilities in the company. Francisco Jr has been working there the longest and has the most experience working along side his dad in the company. His four sisters are now wanting more percentage of the shares in the company. The main problem is with his young sisters Mari who wants more responsibility in the family business. Francisco received a big CEO salary and bonus that the sisters didn’t receive nearly as much as he did. They thought this was unfair. This problem seem to hurt the company in sales. After calling a family meeting, a consultant got everything straightened out for what each member of the family had to do and what the shareholders wanted out of the company and what percentage of shares they all had. This problem seem to hurt the company in sales. Francisco seems to be the right person to take most of the responsibilities because was worked there the longest and knows what to do. Read more:  Family Run Business Wyncraft Mari wanted out of the company for feeling that she wasn’t treated the same way as the rest of the siblings so Francisco bought her shares out. Everyone always thinks that they all deserve the same percentage and same amount of salary at the work place but that just doesn’t happen in real life. If Mari wanted to stay in the company I think they could have given each other a little bit more percentage in the shares but still having Francisco have the highest percentage. It also never really stated what she did for the company and how she could help the company. She just thought that she deserved more shares. Personally I don’t think that is fair just because your family doesn’t mean you’re entitled to have shares in the company. But in the end I think Mari just had enough and wanted to give her shares up and move on in her life. After reading what the family did to over come this problem I thought it  seem to be the best for both the company and Mari. Now their sales have been going up and the company is growing and doing good with new employees. If they didn’t resolve this problem I think the company would have been destroyed and more feelings would have been hurt in the long run. Also being a good CEO, Francisco saw a problem and decided to do something about it.

A Business overview of Aluminium Bahrain

A Business overview of Aluminium Bahrain Culture is a term that is hard to express clearly, but people tend to sense it when they feel it. â€Å"Basically, organizational culture is the personality of the organization. Culture is comprised of the assumptions, values, norms and tangible signs (artifacts) of organization members and their behaviors. Members of an organization soon come to sense the particular culture of an organization.†Ã‚   [ 1 ]   Organizational cultures are classified into seven distinct cultural dimensions that portray the company’s mission, objectives, strategies and vision. Aluminum Bahrain (Alba), one of the largest aluminum producers in the world is known for its strong organizational culture. Alba’s culture is characterized by several dimensions like people orientation, team orientation, aggressiveness, and stability. This essay will demonstrate the variety of dimensions through Alba’s momentous historical performance and inspiring vision. Company History â€Å"The sto ry of Alba marks the inception of industrial diversification in the Gulf. The company’s ongoing success as a primary producer of high-grade aluminium has brought significant economic benefits to the region and has taken the country technologically into the 21st Century. In the mid 1960s, the Bahrain Government was seeking to diversify its economic base from a heavy dependence on oil. The aim was to establish a suitable industry which would provide valuable export earnings, develop the country’s resources and create training and employment opportunities. Bahrain was well situated geographically between the source of raw materials, particularly alumina from Australia, and the markets for primary aluminium in Asia, Europe and the Americas. Bahrain’s prime advantage was its plentiful supply of gas from the Khuff field to meet the high energy requirements of aluminium production.†Ã‚   [ 2 ]    People Orientation Alba is known for its people oriented organizat ional culture. Most of the decisions and actions take into account the company’s significant stakeholders like employees, customers, suppliers and the Bahraini society. Fostering a stable workforce through Bahrainization Bahrainization is an important economic policy of the Government of Bahrain, and the Company has exceeded the government’s stated target levels of Bahrainization. Consequently, the Company’s permanent staff includes a high proportion of Bahraini citizens. Currently, over 87% of its permanent employees are citizens of Bahrain. Employees As at June 30, 2010, the Company employed 2,706 full-time equivalent employees. The following table sets forth the aggregate number of people employed by each of its departments. Breakdown of Employees by Department Department Bahraini Nationals Expatriates Total Chief Executive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 13 60 Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 26 218 Calciner & Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 105 560 Cast House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377 38 415 Finance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4 25 Marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 2 39 Metal Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 930 64 994 Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 74 254 Sourcing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 23 141 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,357 349 2,706 Employee Benefits Alba provides many services to employees including â€Å"comprehensive Medical Centre, subsidized canteens, an attractive savings benefit scheme, a well-equipped sports and leisure club, a unique housing scheme, transportation to work for all non-supervisory employees and a number of reward schemes including the Good Suggestion Scheme, Attendance Award and Gold Card scheme†Ã‚   [ 3 ]    Alba savings benefit scheme The Company also operates a contributory savings scheme for its Bahraini employees, the Alba Savings and Benefit Scheme (â€Å"ASBS†). The employees’ contributions are deducted from their salaries and the Company makes an additional contribution to each employee’s savings. The scheme is established as a trust and is administered by trustees representing the employees and the Company. The trustees manage the risks relating to the scheme’s assets by appr oving the entities in which the scheme can invest and by setting limits for investment in individual entities. The Company’s board of directors may consider allowing Bahraini national employees to borrow from the ASBS to fund the purchase of Ordinary Shares in the Limited Offering to Bahraini citizens. â€Å"The Company’s board of directors is also considering a proposal to purchase Ordinary Shares in the Ordinary Share Offering, up to an aggregate of 3,000,000 Ordinary Shares, using its own funds, and to hold such Ordinary Shares in treasury until distribution at a future date to eligible employees.†Ã‚   [ 4 ]   Under the proposed plan, each of its current employees would be granted a fixed sum of Ordinary Shares â€Å"contingent upon such employee’s continuous employment and good standing with the Company during a specified future period, and subject to certain other conditions.†Ã‚   [ 5 ]

China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

China - Essay Example It therefore aims at revamping and strengthening ASEAN. Expanding its diplomatic circle and participating more vibrantly in the economic sector through Trans Pacific Partnership and East Asia reach out are number of steps aimed at counter balancing the influence of China. Strengthening military ties with countries like Philippines and India in particular be attributed to America’s intentions of counter balancing the influence of China in the region. Such a policy is adopted based on the fact that China is fast catching on America as the largest economy. Furthermore, the strengths gained by China in recent times in form of military reach outs, naval expansions, and other military partnerships with regional states has alarmed United States of America considerably. America cannot confrontation with China; rather it must aim at mitigating the Chinese influence through effective presence, military and economic support to the regional players of the Asia Pacific

First Across The Rhine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

First Across The Rhine - Essay Example A lot of action-packed, tactical, militarily strategic, and heroic stories fill war movies. Rarely are the actual tasks and skills of non-combatants were featured. This paper will try to present the roles of engineers and their team during the war using mainly the book by Col David E. Pergin and war writer Eric Hammel (1994) First Across the Rhine: The 291st Engineer Combat Battalion in France. The immediate challenges during their landing in the war zone were: grave reservations of the standard in the organization as off-the-shelf engineer combat battalion inevitable combat losses that could remove key people with essential skills or unique training from the ranks (Pergrin and Hammel, 1989, 17). To address this immediate concerns, Pergrin’s solution was to cross-train as many officers and troops as possible in whatever time was left. He noted that, â€Å"The training directives established minimum, not maximum, standards (Pergrin and Hammel, 1989, 17). ... After the cross training, every member of the squad was a qualified: Rifleman for .30-caliber M2 carbines for NCOs and .30-caliber M1 Garand rifles To operate the squad’s .30 caliber machine gun and bazooka (2.35 inch rocket launcher) To lay, detect, and clear mines To operate bulldozers, dump trucks, chain saws, picks, shovels, jackhammers and other tools Read maps (most of them). Meanwhile, Pergin also ensured that the squad leader and his assistant were able to use radio and field telephone equipment; carried manuals on the three main types of bridges with which they expected to work – Bailey, timber trestle, and pontoon; use proper combat engineer tactics to stop or delay enemy (Pergrin and Hammel, 1989, 19). Each line platoon was equipped with: Bulldozer, weapons carrier, 4-ton man-hauling truck with a .50 caliber machine gun, a number of 2 & ? ton dump trucks for hauling equipment and material, own motor pool staffed by mechanics charged with maintaining all the w heeled and tracked equipment and vehicles, weapons sergeant and supply sergeant as overseers of small section of specialists. Pergin noted that the main purpose was â€Å"to save lives in the battle areas by using the many skills and the fruits of their rigorous training,† (Pergin and Hammel, 1989, 27). The following were exemplified and exercised by the team members: Stress small-unit operations using combat-engineering equipment; Facilitate movement of tanks in support of the attacking infantry; Clear mines rapidly; Police and patrol the area up to the front to provide vital information to the decision-makers up the chain of command. All their tasks were conducted through strategies as follows: 1. led the paratroopers through the

Ethical Issues in Medical Practices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Ethical Issues in Medical Practices - Essay Example Many a time in courtrooms there have been incidents when lawyers or rivals have been able to search thorough a persons medical records and have been able to turn the case on its head because they have been able to find out some medical condition that the opponent had or for which they are under treatment and hence there have been hindrances in providing justice. The revelation of such information might also be a source of shame for the concerned person because he might not want a certain medical condition to be revealed to the world, for instance the patients of aids have been shunned by the society and this leads to the destruction of self image and self concept and the concerned person can only lead a hermit like life from that point onwards. What if a person, who does not have a contagious disease, wants to live a normal life and function as he did before having the disease His whole life would be disrupted due to a disclosure of a medical condition and who is to blame for that Th ough there are many federal rules and regulations for such instances but there were still loop holes in the system that had to identified and secured and this had to be done in a very comprehensive manner so that security should be provided to every person and the implementation of such a system would not create more hindrances in the health care system. In these conditions the HIPAA (Health Insurance and Portability and Accountability Act) developed a comprehensive plan and covered all aspects of the disclosure of health care information, the suggestions and the rules and regulations stated by the HIPAA have been implemented and hence we can conclude that the security of health care information is a fundamental right that every one is entitled and that should exactly be the case. Rules and Regulations of the HIPAA: There are certain rules and regulations that the HIPAA needs all health care service providers to follow and the paper is based on analyzing these rules and regulations. a) General Provision: The privacy rules allows certain incidental and uses and disclosure but it needs that the reasonable safeguard and minimum necessary standard has been met with where ever it is applicable (Reference: http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/hipaa/guidelines/incidentalud.pdf) this is in place to ensure the working of the health care system in an efficient manner so that people do not feel hesitant when they need to use the health care services and it should not also be a burden on health care professionals therefore it is permitted under the rules and regulations of the HIPAA that a physician can disclose the medical conditions to a surgeon at another hospital because that needs to be done but even when this is being done the reasonable safeguard and minimum necessary standard rule has to be complied with. b) Reasonable Safe Guards: An entity must have all the proper checks in place for the security of the information regarding health care of patients, this should be done on the technical front, administrative front and also physical safeguards should be made. Incidental disclosure of information is reduced to the bare minimal when these safeguards are in place and most health care insurances have applied the following in their organizational culture to reduce the risks of incidental closures: 1) Speaking quietly when discussing a patient's

Critically evaluate the extent to which the role of leaders and Essay

Critically evaluate the extent to which the role of leaders and managers contributes to employee motivation and engagement with - Essay Example Managers should engage in motivation as it eases unnecessary fears among the employees. Statistics reveal that workers perform poorly under oppression as compared to when motivated. The following script outlines the importance of motivation, relevant theories, and the essence as to why leaders should use the tool (Lauby, 2005:69). Mangers role in employee motivation An employee is one of the most critical factors of production. This is because; they have the duty to carry out all tasks, irrespective of whether machinery or manual operation. The essence is that, no matter the employees competence to a task, shortcomings may arise due to monotony, frustration, and oppression. Managers must try to curb behaviors that tend to mislead the company, and practice behaviors that will gear up progression and prosperity (Kusluvan, 2003:340). Bearing in mind that, every set of human beings does exhibit distinct cultures, managers should observe and tame that culture which favors the company more . Culture comprises of personal beliefs, attributes, needs, and behaviors. On addressing these issues properly, the company pursues its objectives and strategically beats competition. Managers should simply address issues in a friendly way and welcome views from the employees. They should avoid ideologies of drawing attention from the employees that they should recognize them by their positions (Podmorof, 2005:67). Role of leadership and managers An employee will perceive a motivating factor whenever it affects his welfare. Decades ago, managers and leaders experienced the same issues that occur in modern businesses; this led to the development of various theories that can actively apply in solving human related problems in organization. Among them was Abraham Maslow who distinguished human needs in the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs pyramid. The pyramid elaborates needs from the most pressing, those one cannot do without, to those perceived as defining class in the society. The pyramid addresses as; biological and physiological, safety, belongingness and love, esteem, and self-actualization (Bruce, 2006:80). The pyramid describes necessities as biological and social needs. It states that an employee will work to cater for his necessities, which are; air, food, shelter and clothing. It argues that, the reason as to why human beings strive in their daily chores is to ensure that they are able to meet their needs effectively (Levesque, 2008:59). No one can survive without food since hunger is a recurring problem. For example, after feeding, people do not sit back and assume that they have made a solution to hunger eternally. Similarly, shelter poses as a pressing need as all people strive to live in houses to avoid bad weather conditions and enhance privacy. Due to evolution, the modern man finds clothing crucial as it is also ethical and moral to dress-up (Doyle, 2005:180). On achieving all basic needs, human beings will find that they need safety in their lives. Therefore, they seek protection from all societal vices and device security channels that will cover their lives from dangers (Kusluvan, 2003:340). Since all humans may enforce their feelings in handling different threats, the modern man has sort to come up with laws that accommodate all virtues, laying down procedures to handle different problems. There are limits within the society under which one can act in his own

Grades Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Grades - Research Paper Example According to the authors grading students on a single dimension does not adequately assess learning. For them, a grading plan should include elements such as class attendance and effort. When such a grading system is used, it is unfair to the students based on a number of factors. First, when behavior is used to grade students, it does not connect with students’ understanding of the course or subject. In every learning institution, there are different approaches used to monitor and punish unwanted behavior (Close, 380). For this reason, bad behavior should be punished by the relevant bodies as opposed to being included as part of the grade. If behavior is included as part of the grade, it generally becomes difficult to understand and interpret that grade in a meaningful way (Allen, 222). A grade should be a fair reflection of the student’s understanding and knowledge about a given subject, and this should not be combined with elements such as discipline as this will be misleading. Secondly, the use of these additional elements in determining a grade is based on the teacher’s â€Å"merged judgment† of these elements. This means that the teacher evaluates the student’s performances in these elements – behavior, efforts, interest etc- and assigns a collective score. For example, a student may be given grade B in a certain subject as opposed to grade A due to his low scores in other elements such as behavior and effort. Unfortunately, these factors are based on the merged judgment of the teacher and are not evident or explained in the final grade. A person looking at the student’s grade will not know which of these factors contributed to the final grade and the method used by the teacher in assigning scores to these elements. This gives a false impression of the student’s knowledge in that subject. Finally, including these

Critical Management Studies Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Critical Management Studies - Coursework Example Modern life, to a considerable extent, is governed by managerial or economistic approach whereby, in the context of business in organizations, the efficient allocation of resources takes precedence over humanistic or ethical concerns. In this respect, many public services are increasingly facing new forms of managerialism, while many aspects of socio-cultural activities are also being subjected to the same business, management, and economic perspectives. Over the years, narrow interests such as financial institutions have traditionally dominated research in business, management, and economics leading to biased theory of practice (Barratt 2011, p.110), which CMS has been countering; CMS is now a valid and vital aspect of the Business school curriculum, and is even visible in professional bodies for practitioners in business, management, and organization studies. The pervasive scepticism regarding the essence of the mainstream management ideas and practices have spurred the need to expand the field of management through research, to espouse alternative innovative ways of understanding management (Alvesson and Willmott 2012, p.5), instead of relying on the ineffective status quo, thus the emergence of Critical Management Studies. Overall, CRS often seeks to bring to fore the subtle workings of power while identifying and reforming the daily workplace practices that enforce injustices both in firms and in the society. CMS views the prevailing conceptions and forms of management as well as organization as unjustified and unsustainable (Alcadipani & Hodgson 2009, p.130), with a keen focus on the social injustice as well as the environmental destructiveness of the wider socio-economic systems that managers and specific firms serve and reproduce (Foster & Wiebe 2010, p.271). In this respect, it is not really the failures of individual managers or the poor management of specific firms that informs and motivates CMS,

Clark International Airport Corporation Essay Example for Free

Clark International Airport Corporation Essay Abandoning the largest U.S. Air Force Base outside of the continental United States back in 1991 was not an easy task for America. Given the countless industrial/commercial buildings, residential quarters, officers homes, manicured golf courses, road network, two, huge 3.2-kilometer parallel runways capable of landing the space shuttle and over 100 years of U.S. occupation, it quite-possibly would have been easier to pull all the teeth of the resident Generals on-base than to abandon all that Clark Air Base had become to the U. S. Military. This decision to evacuate was not made unilaterally though. Mt Pinatubo had a say in the matter spewing a thick blanket of ash throughout the base. The Philippine Senate also had its input regarding the 100 year U.S. occupation, and, during September 1991, convinced America to turn its back on billions of dollars of infrastructure when they rejected the ratification of the RP-US Military Bases Agreement. Numerous reasons were given for the rejection of this treaty. This was a destructive blow to the Aquino administration, which was very-strongly in favor of maintaining the treaty and the presence of the U.S. Military with its economic benefit to the country. She even called for a referendum by the Filipino people that was later determined as unconstitutional. Several years later, the former US Air Force Military Airlift Wing is now experiencing some major and exciting transformational processes, all without the presence or assistance of a super power. Since 1996, as a subsidiary of the Bases Conversion Development Authority (BCDA), the runways, airport buildings, infrastructure and surrounding areas of this former military installation is managed by and in the capable-hands of the Clark International Airport Corporation (CIAC). From the beginning of the transformation, CIAC has provided the organizational and management arm for the daunting job of transforming a former military airfield into a world-class international airport and logistics hub. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, in recognition of her father and former president of the Philippines, renamed the facility, Diosdado Macapagal International Airport (DMIA). Today it stands in honor to her father’s past administration and as a bright hope to current and future generations as a newly revitalized Philippine gateway, providing sustained commercial, industrial and tourism growth in the face of a new world economy. From humble beginnings in 2003 of only 7,880 international passengers, to over half a million passengers making their way through DMIA in 2007, this airport is an overwhelming success story in all of Asian airport history. As the long-term plans for this facility to be the premier gateway of the Philippines progress, projected estimates range from 20 million to 40 million passengers passing-through the new DMIA annually at fruition of the project. On October 29, 2003, Asiana Airlines had the honor to be the first airline to established international flights in and out of Clark. These flights brought tourists and businessmen to and from Incheon, South Korea. This initiated a new wave of international flights that has blossomed-forth ever since. Some of the international destinations currently being serviced from DMIA include Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, Macau, China, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Seoul Korea. Cebu, Caticlan are the current domestic travel offerings at Clark Airport. South Korean tourists began to discover the Philippines, and specifically, Clark and Subic Bay in ever-growing numbers. In fact, according to the Philippine Department of Tourism (DOT), today they constitute the leading group of tourist by nationality in the Philippines. According to the DOT, the number of business and pleasure travelers is on the rise in the Philippines with South Korean leading the pack. For the entire country in 2006, South Korea lead the arrival numbers reaching 572,133 while the U.S. was second with 567,355 and then Japan with 421,808. For the following year, 2007, South Korea once again lead the arrival numbers reaching 653,310, a 14.2% increase, while the U.S. was second with 578,983, a 2% increase and Japan with 395,012, a 6.4% decrease. The fastest growing arrivals percentage-wise between 2006 and 2007 were from China and Malaysia. These countries posted arrival increases of 18.0% and 23.3% respectively. Chinas arrivals in the Philippines in 2007 were at 157,601 while Malaysia’s were 65,695. Growth is one thing, but maintaining quality and performance in the face of tremendous growth is an accomplishment worth taking note. Two consecutive world-class awards from two different organizations speak volumes of an organization’s efforts. In 2006 DMIA was awarded the â€Å"Low Cost Airport of the Year award from the Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA). Then, in 2007, DMIA was awarded the prestigious â€Å"Airport of the Year† award by Frost and Sullivan, at the Asia Pacific Aerospace and Defense Awards Banquet in Singapore. Formulated in 1961, Frost and Sullivan maintain over 26 offices worldwide, and is a major, respected global research company. The company fields a staff of over 1,500 employees, with job titles ranging from economists, market researchers and technology analysts. These analysts and researchers are focused on the industries of aerospace, defense, energy, transportation, environmental-issues, technology, chemicals, food, power systems and more. It looks like CIAC is entirely-focused and performing above and beyond the call of duty in their determination to witness the realization of DMIA becoming the premier gateway of the Philippines. Exciting plans abound for the long-term prospectus of the Clark Freeport and DMIA. After 15 years of conflict and negotiations with the indigenous Aeta people of the region, CDC has acquired 10,000 hectares of new expansion land area. CDC now has a total of almost 28,000 hectares of contiguous, raw land to work with and put to productive use over the next couple of decades. The Clark governing body has designating a new, modern, 21st Century city to be built from scratch in the combined areas comprising existing and new land acquisitions in and around the Clark Freeport. Aeropolis is the named assigned this modern, Aviation-focused, master-planned, multi-use mega-city/mega-region. CDC already has in a master-plan set-aside for Aeropolis comprised of 4,400 hectare main-zone and a 27,600 hectare sub-zone centered on an aviation-driven urban center that will be ideally suitable to high-end IT, airport-industries, logistics-related enterprises, agro-industries and tourism. This type of long-term, far-sighted planning translates to exponential airport-related arrivals/departures and the ongoing future success of the Clark Airport as a major player in the world economy for many decades to come. Departure Procedure Step 1 Entry Check * Here is where a pax join the first queue the airport entrance queue. * Before a pax can enter the building they must show both of their passport and airline ticket, so they must have them ready. * Now is a good time to remove metal objects from their pockets or purse and place them in their hand carried luggage that will be x-rayed. These items include watches, pens, cell phones, and coins anything that will trigger the metal detector. Doing this early will save delays later. * Once they have shown their passport and ticket they will have to place their entire luggage on the x-ray conveyor belt before walking through the metal detector. Step 2 Airline Check-in * If all goes well they can collect their luggage and proceed to their airline check-in counter. * They should expect huge queues so they must get there early. * While waiting in the check-in queue they must prepared to have their baggage sniff tested for explosives. * After checking in and getting their boarding pass they can now proceed to the departure area but their queuing is not yet over. Step 3 Pay Departure Tax/ Terminal Fee * Before entering the departure area they must show their passport and boarding pass. Once cleared they can now go to the counter where they will pay their departure tax and terminal fee. This terminal fee is currently 150 pesos for domestic and 450 pesos for international per passenger. * At the counter they must give the counter operator their boarding pass and the money. She will return their boarding pass along with a receipt. Step 4 Immigration Clearance * The next step is Immigration Clearance. They must present their passport and boarding pass. Step 5 Security Check * The next queue is at the security check. Once again pax must make sure to have taken all metal objects out of their pockets or purse. They can either place those in their hand carry bag or in a plastic tray that the security people will provide. * Make sure they adhere to the currency export limits for both Philippine pesos and foreign currencies. * After they have gone through the metal detector they can collect their bags and the tray with their personal effects, and then they can proceed into the departure area. Step 6 Departure Gate Check * If they think they have stood in the last queue they may be disappointed. Depending on their airline there may be one more security check. This will be as they enter the departure gate area. This check is just a routine and quick check of they and their hand carried bag. Step 7 Passport Boarding Check * Again, depending on the airline, they may have to show both their boarding card and their passport as they board the aircraft. If so, they must be ready and have their passport open at the photo page. Arrival Procedure Step 1 – Quarantine/ Immigration Procedures * Pax must have their passport ready to complete quarantine and immigration procedures. Foreign travelers will need to fill out an arrival card. Step 2 – Baggage Claim * They must check the information board for the name of their airline and flight no. and collect their baggage from the appropriate carousel. If they cannot find their baggage, they must show their baggage claim tag to the airline service representative and ask for assistance. Step 3 – Customs Inspection * Pax must take their baggage and proceed to Customs Inspection. If they have items to declare complete the necessary procedures at the appropriate counter. Step 4 – To the Arrivals Lobby / Meet Greet * They will proceed to the arrivals lobby which is the convenient place to meet friends and families. My 50 Days of Experience I have learned a lot in my 50 days of experience at the Diosdado Macapagal International Airport especially with the Airport Operation Department staff. I don’t even knew the existence of the airport operation before. But now after being a part of this department just even for a while I have realized the importance and the role of it. Airport Operation Department has a big role in running an airport. It is like the main ingredient in a recipe and the heart of a body system. Without it an airport cannot be called an airport terminal because they are the one who keep safety and security excellence as the first priority, they develop a better airport for the future by taking advantage of emerging market opportunities, they operate an efficient airport dedicated to exceptional customer service, they broaden and increase the airport’s revenue base to ensure on-going viability, and they maintain strong relationships with â€Å"neighbors†, communities, and industries. Being a part of it is not really easy because it is too broad. But thanks to our leaders who made us understand our role and made us feel that we are really a part of the Airport Operation Department even though we are just OJTs.

Norms and values

Norms and values The purpose of this document is to research, from a sociological perspective the norms, values and socialisation that is essential for family, society and culture. These key attributes provide the individual with key skills, behaviours and habits necessary to enable participation within their own society observing the rules and boundaries established within their Norms and Values and modifying and changing behaviours throughout their life time The Culture of Society is the way of life of its members; the collection of ideas and of habits which the learn and transmit from generation to generation Ralph Linton Norms are the social and cultural guidelines by which we live our lives, and both knowingly and unknowingly conform and comply too during our life time. Out norms are key attributes that define our behaviours and can determine the groups and individuals, social acceptance Or non acceptance. We learn how to behave through a complex combination of stimulus Visual, Oral and Sensory. As we grow in our mental maturity and awareness, the influence of family, environment and culture, combine to define our Norms. These key developmental elements combined, influence and determine, personal and social interactive abilities developing social skills to recognise social boundaries, acceptable behaviours and responses. Therefore our Norms are intrinsic to our development, our personal behaviour, and social acceptance. Key aspects of our Norms are: Convention Being a standard, non culturally specific element within the Norms of convention. An example being that an individual is expected to follow the rules which are an established expectation of behaviours, within the context of conventional social acts and responses. An example of a culturally specific Injunctive Norm is when a Cultural belief, such as polygamy is accepted as a Norm. This is defined as Culturally Specific as this practise is not legally practised or recognised within the Western Society. An exception could be the Mormons, who have Sects that practise polygamy, based mainly in America. The main Mormon Church The Latter Day Saints, no longer advocates such practise, although there are certain Mormon Fundamentalists Sects, whose religious fundamental belief systems adhere to the original writings of Brigham Young. Within many Muslim cultures, a husband can legally take more than one wife. This practise is not recognised legally with Western cultures. Sociological Values may be material or nonmaterial, internal or external. Values and beliefs are culturally specific Given this the evaluation of their respective value is specific to the individual or group. An example might be, when an individual uses their Core value system, they relate into either a cultural or belief system that is specific to the influences within their social Norms and Value origin, group or society. Ultimately Social Norms and Values cover a wide range of Sociological study. Example of Cultural Values defined: Sociological Norms and Values under stress from changes, can impact an individual, group, society or cultural perspective. Change or deviation when combined with poor or irrational judgement that sits outside the Norms and Values of either, a specific Culture or Belief System, can have a mired level of impacts. Therefore Norms and Values can and do change. What may be acceptable as an individual would not necessarily be acceptable at group level. Differentials on the range of what would be acceptable within their own personal attitude and value system is specific. Change to an Individuals Norm and Values can be challenged by the individual on the basis that the Worth or Value is not acceptable to them because it fails to resonate within them as acceptable as a Social or belief Value. Alternatively if may present as an abstract Value and hold no specific desirability. Values are abstract in nature and general. A cultures values are its ideals about what is good, right, fair, and just. Sociologists disagree, however, on how to conceptualise values. There is a conflict theory that focuses on how values differ between groups within a culture. The National Centre for social research annual report for 2009 indicates that the British values are changing the full report is available at (http://www.natcen.ac.uk/pzMedia/uploads/Downloadable/da9c4be7-da86-410a-9176-3b362fb4f1ba.pdf) the 2009 survey consisted of more than 4,000 interviews with a representative, random sample of people in Britain. It finding have shown that change in societys values is g enerally slow and is impacted by the media and other external stimuli. Functional sociologist Talcott Parsons noted that Americans share the common value of the American work ethic, Whilst this is most certainly a cultural social observation which encourages hard work. Herbert Spencer one of the first British Sociologists stated that Society exists for the benefit of its members, not the members for the benefit of society. Common values within western societies are based on materialism, and money, although reliance on science and technology, and the role of democracy and freedom are key norms and values that exist although these can change during stressed and unexpected change. A culture may have conflicting values; an example would be that value of materialistic success may be in opposition to that of charitable acts. Equally the value of social equality may be in opposition to that of the value placed on the individual state. This can be explained as a contraction in what people say, what they really think, and what they do. Social pressure to confor m can be a deciding factor, as individuals own norms and values system will be a sub conscious factor in that decision making. So when does socialisation begin; its starts as soon as we are born and ultimately ends with our death. As soon as a child is born, primary socialisation begins. In every instance of social interaction, a child can uses this period as a learning experience particularly in terms of cultural concepts of identity, social roles, and norms of behaviour. The very young child is totally reliant on its parents or carers. The baby will initially respond to the external stimuli provided by parents or carers. The main senses initially used by the child will be responsive, such as when they are hungry, in discomfit, or want human contact/ touch. They will respond to sound and vision this is important time for child/parent/carer socialisation this represents a very emotional time, and the close bonds of love and loyalty, which in theory will last a life time, are established. As chronological development of the child takes place, by the age of two, a child will be in procession of a rudimentary set of primary skills and behaviours. The child will be able to copy its parents and siblings, and will be learning a wider set of social skills these will be both culturally specific and socially generic. The socialisation of the child within its own society and culture will be established during an intense period of self development and awareness; children acquire a sense of their self. This is an important developmental milestone that occurs between 18/24 months. Psychologist Jean Piaget defined the fact that children progress through clear stages in their ability to think. The Sensorimotor Stage, which is from birth to age two, is when the developing childs reliance on touch for information about it surrounding world is the most commonly used of the childs developing skills. They will also experience the tactile warmth from parent/carers and will also gain stimulation and development from, copying, gestures and actions taste is also a key action of the developing child , and they will put most objects to their mouth, toys, food and potentially anything they can get their hands on. This period represents a time of great discovery and learning socially, and is part of the set of primary socialisation skills, which are prerequisite key developmental milestones. The next stage as described by Piaget is the Pre-Operational Stage. This stage generally starts between ages Two to Seven. Children now have the ability to think symbolically, that being to relate in abstract or via simple symbols. However they cannot perceive the world from another persons perspe ctive. This period also differs from later ones, because it is a time when children learn through hands-on manipulation of objects through copying, play and trial and error. When a child reaches the Operational Stage, ages of 7-12, Young children can now begin to think and reason rationally and logically. At approximately age seven or eight children enter the age of reason, when they can manipulate their own ideas, and apply learnt concepts. A child will now possess the ability to independently interact and abide to a set of social rules and boundaries. They achieve this via the mediums of school, social, family, cultural settings. Children are able to rationalise, apply logic, use and interact with media, and participate in debate verbally. Children are able to recognise self, which is an important milestone in self development: as is the ability to recognise their place socially and culturally. Finally a child moves to the fLogical Stage at ages 12 and on. The child and young adol escent, are capable of complex abstract, logical thought. They are able to have reasoned logical discussion, reach decisions based on fact, and are able to initiate and formulate argument and debate. They have a fully developed sense of self within their family, society and culture. The family plays a significant and defining role in the primary socialisation of a child. The family acts as the primary socialising agent for the first few years of life; however Socialisation in the family varies greatly, and can be dependent on Social, cultural, ideological and ethnical differences. Within Britain, the structure of family has changed; there are more working class single parents families, who have no immediate family support available to provide child care this has resulted in child care providers having a far greater role in childhood socialisation over the last 20 years. One of the most important primary functions of the family is to produce and reproduce biologically, socially and culturally-however, producing children is not the only function of the family. A childs perspective is that the family is its core and primary socialising agent; however the family perspective is one of responsibility, to provide the growing child with the necessary skills and knowled ge in their socialisation and acceptance in their common culture. From the parental/carer point of view the family is the central nucleus that provides the care, learning, development, social, cultural education: the goal of which is to socialise and incorporate cultural ideologies and values in their children. However there are many variants in societies and cultures, which place more emphasis on the sexual division of labour, marriage, and the resulting relationship between family groups and the economics. An example being; that child labour is still practised illegally and openingly in Asia, and parts of Africa. Many of these countries have poor economies and the communities and families require a child to work to contribute to the household or village this can be the difference between life and death. Equally the value of a male child may be greater than that of a female child, as in many cultures, males are preferred for financial and social reasons. In time of hardship cultures such as the Eskimos would practise infanticide, if they were lacking enough food or provisions, this was a decision made on the basis that males contribute more, as they grow in to hunters and support the community, where as a females contribution was seen as less valuable to the community. As in family, education is an important agent of socialisation and the school environment is a formal agent of socialisation. The purpose of education is to socialise children in selected skills and knowledge, preparing them with so that they can build on the skills and knowledge acquired, as they grow and mature. The formal education system in England starts at Playschool for ages 2-4 this is now a socially acceptable form of early socialisation. The child then progresses to a more formalised, yet still free play, Reception Class- these are mainly attached to a primary school, which the child then transition into thereby keeping the social group intact. Primary education provides a child with a formalised approach to learning. The child will learn new social rules and boundaries; these will build on the norms and values that they have been taught by their parents/carers. The family influence is still very strong, as these age groups are heavily dependent upon their family. The chi ld continues its primary socialisation via classroom activities, playing, and school social interaction, within its peer group. The peer group becomes important, as it is based on a childs ability to interact, make friends and socialise the pressure to conform and be accepted, increases with age. There are many reasons for this: such as social standing IE: family wealth, material possession, ethnicity, extrovert /introverts behaviors and the pecking order of favorability within the peer group. Exclusion from a peer group is a highly stressful and can be initiated by the school due to behavioral or attendance issues these issues would require remedial agreement and action between the school, child and parent. Wider involvement of care agencies, such as educational psychologists and family welfare social workers, would be required if the family were found to be unable to function or cope, due to a verity of social or financial reasons. An example being: a male child of 4 with undiagnosed ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) who in reception class could not settle, presenting as disruptive, Impulsive, restlessness with a high level of hyperactivity and an inability to concentrate or focus for any period of time. ADHD will often present as inattentiveness, and will prevent a child from learning and will stunt their socialisation if not addressed. This child was excluded from school at 5 years old. At this point a wider most specialised group of social, education workers worked with the parents, and school, after ADHD was diagnosed. Once the appropriate level of medication (Ritalin- commonly used for ADHD) was prescribed, an immediate change in behaviour was evident. A plan of resocialisation and integration was applied, and an educational statement was issued by the local educational authority. This ensured the funding necessary for one to one support, and additional help required to enable the child to be educated and resocialised. One of the key learning aids for this child reintegration was the use of media the use of media in the home and school, leisure environments have become an integrated part of contemporary life. Such is the impact of Media, that it has become a dominant agent of socialisation. Children are exposed from a very early age to media; examples being a music DVD, Television or Computer games which can be interactive, educational and agility based. Multimedia is used in a variety of ways within the family, and is seen a key aspect of socialisation and development. Equally Multi Media is used within the formal setting of school and is used regularly as part of an Educational programme. There have been negative aspects in attributed to media and the violence seen in games, music, TV and film. Secondary Socialisation is the wider process of learning; a child learns what is expected of them, and what is acceptable/appropriate behaviour, for them; within a small group that is part of a larger society and culture. Secondary socialisation represents a new developmental stage, and is generally associated with teenagers and adults. The social changes we experience are different to those of primary socialisation. An example would be, starting a new a level of education at college or university, relocating to a new environment or a change in social status or society. Some students may be transferring from a rural community to a more urban environment, whilst others may be international students being socialised to the British way of life. Others may be mature students without any prior higher educational experience. Moreover, any social structure can act as a socialising agent. For example, the work environment socialises the employees to conform to their way of business and their culture. In most organisations employees have clear responsibilities to respect authority, adhere to corporate policies, and work hard in exchange for financial compensation in the form of income and status promotions. Also, the wider public venues we all go to; such as shopping centres, libraries, hospitals, football matches, act as social interaction and educate us about new boundaries and constraints thereby influencing our behaviour. When considering the norms of behaviour, of passengers on airplanes; those of a diner at a Michelin Star restaurant; or the fans at a Rugby or Tennis game. We all conform and adapt without conscious thought a large percentage of our lives this conditioning allows us to move in a complex structure of Culture and Society. The secondary socialisation process is crucial particularly in times of stress and change. Transition from infancy to childhood to adolescence and adulthood are all companied by a socialisation process that is designed socially an d culturally to give the individual, all the skills necessary to grow and co-exist. If the process of secondary socialisation fails, due to internal or external factors, the individual may not be in possession of the necessary social or cultural skills to cope logically and rationally. This situation could lead to a change in their values and social group. As an adult we experience the socialisation process through changes in careers, family structure, personal relationships, interests, such as politics. As our lives continue, we move to retirement age, the changes in family and career are now viewed differently; our priorities change, as situations such as being, unwell, or alone take precedence. The extended older family highlight the changing cultural values in the socialisation process. With the introduction of media, older generations, are now learning and experiencing new experiences of information and communication, which is a new form of socialisation for them. This is a new agent of socialisation and is a powerful teacher and influencing agent within the context of socialisation, second only to Family. The media plays a significant role in shaping the social attitudes and social behaviours of our children and adolescents Parents do exert the most influence on children; however the mass media can be considered secondary agents of socialisation. For example, viewing of advertisements is related to lower self-esteem and depression among children who come from low-income families. It is likely that children feel bad about themselves because they cannot have the products that are advertised on television. Media and Marketing work hand in hand to influence our views We are targeted as either specific social groups, age groups and economic groups specifically to sell Products and Services. What we buy, where we buy, how we spend, and who we vote for, is heavily influenced by a range of Multi Media. Such as The TV, internet, Radio, advertising in magazines. Gender identity is one of the most important elements of our sense of self. Some aspects of gender identity are rooted in our biology, such as our physical strength. However most of our gender identity is culturally defined. As we grow and age we develop our self awareness, and how we should relate to others, and the role we play in a larger society. The lessons children learn and the processes through which cultural norms are passed from one generation to the next is known as socialisation. Gender socialisation shows that there are roles, or cultural expectations and norms, which are associated with each sexual classification Sociologists make distinctions between sex and gender. Whilst sex is based on biological factors, gender is the based on cultural factors that stereotypically construct different social roles for men and women. Therefore Gender socialisation is the process through which males and females learn gender specific appropriate behaviour, dress, personality character istics, and demeanour. While gender socialisation is an ongoing and lifelong the majority of the sociological theories tend to focus on early childhood socialisation, as the key factor in Gender determination Four such perspectives are the psychoanalytical, cognitive development, social learning, and social interaction perspectives. In all societies there is a need for resocialisation of an individual. Resocialisation is a sociological concept dealing with the process of mentally and emotionally re-training an individual so that they can exist in an environment other than that which he or she is used to. Examples of a need for Resocialisation such as the release from prison, mental health institutions and the Army ; New recruits into the army are encouraged to bond, so that they can operate as a cohesive unit and then the process is reversed for those who may have become institutionalised by their experiences in the socialisation process. Without appropriate support and counselling, mental health problems could present. Equally if an individual have been institutionalised due to lengthy incarceration because of illness or a criminal offence such as Murder: a staged plan of integration would be required, to allow assimilation and resocialisation to take place in society. Bibliography: Themes and perspectives sixth edition References Emile Durkheim http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile_Durkheim Brigham Young http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigham_Young Examples Cultural Values http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/CliffsReviewTopic/topicArticleId-26957,articleId-26852.html>. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialization#Types http://www.communicationencyclopedia.com/public/tocnode?id=g9781405131995_chunk_g978140513199518 http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/freud.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resocialization http://www.natcen.ac.uk/study/british-social-attitudes-25th-report/findings http://thinkexist.com/quotation/the_great_aim_of_education_is_not_knowledge-but/198665.html

Free Essay: Analysis of Sonnet 64 :: Sonnet essays

Analysis of Sonnet 64 When I have seen by Time's fell hand defac'd The rich proud cost of outworn buried age; When sometime lofty towers I see down raz'd, And brass eternal slave to mortal rage; When I have seen the hungry ocean gain Advantage on the kingdom of the shore, And the firm soil win of the watery main, Increasing store with loss and loss with store: When I have seen such interchange of state, Or state itself confounded to decay, Ruin hath tought me thus to ruminate- That Time will come and take my love away. This thought is as a death, which cannot choose But weep to have that which it fears to lose. As A. Kent Hieatt did a great job in citing certain similarities in Sonnets to Spencer's Ruines of Rome: by Bellay, I was surprised enough not to dfind any parallels on sonnet 64 to that of Ruines of Rome. This sonnet delivers, moreso, the theme of Rome succumbing to time rather than textual correlations. I will provide a quatrain by quatrain explicaton that cites certain allusions to Spencer's text. In the first quatrain, time has destroyed Rome, the "buried age," having lived too long ("outworn") as a prosperous civilization. The "lofty towers" being "raz'd" echoes Rome being "Heapt hils on hils, to scale the starrie sky"; the first "hils" in Spencer refers to the Roman civilization and the physical buildings, whereas the latter "hils" refers to the mountains on which Rome was built. Thus, being "raz'd" are all of the monuments of Rome that are subject to mutability. Ambiguity in the second quatrain allows for two readings following the Roman theme. First, the "hungry ocean" is the sea itself which gains on Rome, "the kingdom of the shore," but if the ocean is rising against Rome, it is incongruous to say that the "firm soil" defeats the "watery main." A more appropriate alternate reading still refers to Rome as "the kingdom of the shore," but the "hungry ocean" refers to other civilizations that have tried to conquer Rome yet failed. 5-7: 'When I have seen usurping nations hostily advance towards Rome, and then steadfast Rome defeat the opposing navy,'. This latter reading more supports line 8, in which Rome 'increases [its] wealth through the gains of (Rome's) conquests [thus, "with loss"], and yet at the same time increases [its] loss "with store," (that is, time's store [of time])'.

Alaska: Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Rights-of-Way Law-of-Way Law :: Environment Research Essays

Alaska: Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Rights-of-Way Law In Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, there are over 1 million acres of non-federal inholdings to which access is, and has been a major issue of controversy. Park managers and landowners alike are trying to reach an agreement which would provide for the access to private property, as well as towns such as Nabesna, McCarthy, and Kennecott. The following information will be used to convince park managers and conservationist groups that access via R.S. 2477 rights-of-ways are not only necessary, but also guaranteed by state and federal law. For most Americans, traveling to and from home is relatively simple. Travel in most of the United States is on paved roadways, and most roadways draw very little attention from conservationist groups. This, however, is not the case for residents in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park. Wrangell-St. Elias National Park was established in 1980 by the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980. ANILCA is an act established †To provide for the designation and conservation of certain public lands in the State of Alaska, including the designation of units of the National Park, National Wildlife Refuge, National Forest, National Wild and Scenic Rivers, and National Wilderness Preservation Systems, and for other purposes.† (96th Congress of the United States, 1980) This act provided for the protection of millions of acres of Alaska’s wilderness through the creation of national parks and preserves, but in doing so, surrounded many small towns and villages by federally protected land. Despite protecting millions of acres of wilderness, this act provided for the numerous groups of people affected by the establishment of this law. Stipulations regarding the use of protected lands by private landowners were made. People living inside the park lands were guaranteed the right to subsistence hunting and fishing, as well as the guaranteed access to their lands. This right of access is the main concern for this argument, as it is a major management issue for park officials and land owners alike. As aforementioned, access to park lands is guaranteed by ANILCA, Title 11,  §1107, but it is also protected by the Federal Reserved Statute 2477. R.S. 2477 is a federal statute providing for the access across public lands. Once established, RS 2477 claims can not be eliminated. This policy was put in place in 1866 by The Mining Act to provide for mineral and resource extraction as well as for expansion to the west.

The Plague as a Metaphor in Shelleys The Last Man :: Shelley The Last Man

The Plague as a Metaphor in Shelley's The Last Man      Ã‚   The Last Man was Mary Shelley's most ambitious and experimental work. Necessitating that a plague, which decimates mankind, is justified in its pursuit, Mary Shelley creates a world where utopian ideals can cause the destruction of mankind, if they are not checked by moral and ethical standards. Published in 1826, the novel was widely pilloried by a public who found it's gloomy tone and high Romanticism to be 'out of touch' with a more progressive society. Mary Shelley's concept of humanity decimated by a deadly plague affronted progressive politicians as godless and as a result, the novel was banned in Austria and became more of an in topic at dinner parties than a book to be seriously read. Since its publication, Mary Shelley scholars have ignored The Last Man and concentrated on Frankenstein because of the novel's reflection of the influential Romantic circle of Lord Byron and Percy Shelley. It wasn't until the feminist movement of the 1970's that the novel underwent a re birth and became critically judged as a work far superior to Frankenstein. Written three years after the death of Percy Shelley, The Last Man is a reflection of the political influence of William Godwin and the Romantic ideals of Lord Byron and Percy Shelley. Despite her initial desire to dedicate the work to the ideology of these men, The Last Man serves as Mary Shelley's repudiation of the utopian ideal perpetuated by Godwin, Shelley and Lord Byron. The plague serves as a metaphor for the failure of the utopian ideal to support the traditional needs of the family. As a biographical and political novel, The Last Man is Mary Shelley's quest to understand her husband, father and Lord Byron's political ideals and their subsequent failure to support her and her children.    Mary Shelley led a most extraordinary life. As the daughter of the radical writers, Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin, it appeared to be Mary's destiny to earn a living through her writing. As she states in her 1831 preface to Frankenstein, "It is not singular that, as the daughter of two persons of distinguished literary celebrity, I should have very early in life thought of writing" (Hindle 5). After the death of Percy Shelley in 1822, Mary spent the next three years trying to atone for what she believed were her sins against Shelley.

Ap Civil War & Reconstruction Essay

Course Description Advanced Placement United States History is a fast-paced and rigorous course designed to provide students with the analytical skills and factual knowledge necessary to critically examine various issues in American History and relate them to events today. Because of one’s opportunity to earn college credit, dependent on one’s performance on the AP exam (May 11, 2012 @ 8am) and your college’s admission standards, this course is considered a college-level course. Hence, the workload and required student responsibility reflect college-level expectations. In addition to the academic content, this class will work on developing the skills necessary to perform well on the AP exam and which will benefit you in your future academic pursuits. These skills include writing analytically, interpreting historical documents, evaluating history from multiple perspectives, public speaking and critical thinking. The creation of our nation occurred only a few hundred years ago. The origins of the American Story will include many groups that inhabited the American continents for hundreds of years, as well as rival European nations fighting for supremacy that ultimately culminated in the rebellion of the thirteen colonies against the British Empire in 1776. While the study of our history includes dates and facts about Presidents and wars; our story is the story of legends, curses and folk tales that have originated here in the Americas during the past three centuries and have stood the test of time. Names like Washington, Franklin, Lincoln, and Roosevelt are synonymous with American History, but it is also the â€Å"common man’s† journey that makes our history captivating, tragic and beautiful. Course Objectives Students will: Master a broad body of historical knowledge Demonstrate an understanding of historical chronology Use historical data to support an argument/position Have a sense of geographic literacy, political dynamics, economic patterns, religious influences, social and cultural trends, intellectual developments, and the influence of the arts Interpret and apply data from original documents (primary sources) Interpret and apply data from historical scholarship (secondary sources) Effectively use analytical skills of evaluation, cause and effect, and compare and contrast Work effectively with others to produce products and solve problems Write effectively to show a clear understanding of material and assignments Prepare for and successfully pass the AP exam Class Text Divine, Robert A. et al. America Past and Present (AP* Edition) 9th Edition. New York: Pearson Longman, 2011. Supplementary Texts These will be provided to the students through handouts and/or the class website. Barbour, Michael K et. al. AP* Exam Workbook to Accompany America Past and Present (AP* Edition) 7th Edition. New York: Pearson Longman, 2005. Fernlund, Kevin. Document’s For America’s History Volume 1: Since 1865 7th Edition. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2011. Yazawa, Melvin. Document’s For America’s History Volume 1: To 1877 7th Edition. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2011. Historiography A number of readers will be utilized to provide different interpretations of US History. These supplementary materials will enable students to fully grasp the concepts and information which will be on the AP exam. The list is also subject to revision. Errico, Charles J. And Oates, Stephen B. Portrait of America Volumes 1-2 10th Edition. Boston, MA: Wadsworth CENGAGELearning, 2012. Madaras, Larry And SoRelle, James. Taking Sides: Clashing Views in United States History, Volumes 1 and II: The Colonial Period to Reconstruction, 14th Edition. McGraw-Hill, 2010. Zinn, Howard. A People’s History of the United States, 1st Edition. NY: Harper Perennial, 1999. Materials I suggest you maintain a large binder divided by unit (keep at home) in which you collect all materials. It is mandatory that you keep an organized small binder with dividers and bring to class that just includes materials from the current unit divided into the following sections: Unit Study Guides Big Picture Key Terms Timelines Lecture Notes Handouts You are required to submit your Reading Journal in a folder dedicated solely to this task. BLUE or BLACK ink pens, pencils, paper, highlighters, post-its, flash drives, etc are also recommended. Instructional Strategies Although the amount of content we must cover dictates the frequent use of lecture, these periods will be supplemented with discussion and questioning. Additional strategies will be used including: document analysis, analytical reading, writing in various formats, debate, presentations, simulations, and collaborative and individual research. Additionally in order to prepare for the AP* Exam, students will use: past AP multiple choice questions free response to outline and map essay answers past AP DBQs and FRQs to learn how to interpret and analyze historical documents Continuous Assignments Homework: You will always have something to read, either assigned that day or text that you are responsible for over the course of the unit. All readings must be done BEFORE the due date. Most writing and research will occur outside of class. However, time will be allocated in class for brainstorming and conference. Unit Study Guides You will be given a Unit Overview Study Guides. Unit Overview will include a timeline activity to complete which will be due the day before the unit exam Unit Overview will also contain Key Terms Terms must be written in the notebook you bring to class every day Terms must be written in blue/black ink Define and state the significance of the terms No credit given for incomplete answers Due day before units exam Reading Journal: You must keep a reading journal, which serves both as a means to give you credit for your reading and as a resource for review and preparation for the exam. You are required to make an entry into the reading journal for each chapter of required textbook reading and each assigned primary document (PD). You will use a specific format for textbook chapters. Annotating or APPARTS is recommended for the PDs. A model of a textbook chapter and lists of reading journal entries are located on the website. The reading journal is due the day of each unit exam. Article Reviews In addition to the chapter readings, periodically you will be assigned supplemental reading that may be downloaded or read from the internet. You must read the article and complete the Article Review Worksheet which is found on the class website. These reviews will be due the day before a unit test. Quizzes and Unit Exams Brief quizzes are given on the reading assignments on a weekly basis. Why? To keep you honest! There is too much to cover by the teacher alone. You must do your part and there is no substitute for reading. These quizzes will consist of m/c questions and relate to the assigned reading. Please note these quizzes assess your reading, not just your ability to listen in class (i.e. material not covered in class may be on quiz Unit exams will be given at the end of the unit and will replicate an AP exam (80 m/c, FRQ and DBQ). Some unit exams may be take home exams. Some of the material tested will not be covered in class.

Tones, Moods, and Irony in the Canterbury Tales

Forms of speech and intonation are extremely important to capture the attention of the audience, whether it is in writing or spoken aloud. In literature, the author uses some literary devices to entice the reader and extract some sort of reaction from him or her. Tone is a literary technique that shows the author’s attitude towards the audience or reader. The tone of a literary work can be informal, formal, serious, angry, playful, intimate, etc.Similar to tone is mood, which is the created atmosphere with the intention of coaxing a certain emotion from the audience, and is created through setting, theme, and tone. Irony, however, is a tone in which the real meaning is contradicted by the words that were used. The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer is a suitable novel for showing various examples of tone, mood, and irony through the many different characters, their personalities, and their narrations. As far as literary tone goes, it is basically the same as the tone used wh en verbally speaking.Chaucer balanced the serious and deathly tales with the tales set for comedy. In the General Prologue, the portrayals of the Knight, the Parson, and the Plowman show a solemn tone while the Prioress, the Monk, the Merchant and many of the others have comical, ironic, and satiric tales which settle in great comedy. In The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer uses irony and straightforwardness more often than other tones. In the Wife of Bath’s Tale, there is very little emotion within the narration.For example, the story goes that for the knight’s deed, he should die because it is the law. There is no room for argument or hesitation, just follow the law. The Knight’s Tale is one of great magnitude. One can notice how Chaucer had honor towards the Knight, because of how grand he is portrayed and how epic his tale is. Everything that happens in the tale feels extravagant and larger than life. The tone of the Knight’s Tale is Chaucer’s way of convincing the audience that the Knight is worthy and important.Throughout the entire novel, Chaucer creates different atmospheres that point out that not only are the characters traveling together, but some of them also have relations with one another. Sometimes, there are quick shifts of mood from sincerity to mockery and form criticism to sarcasm. Chaucer makes it clear that there is tension and hostility between the Reeve and the Miller in the General Prologue and their tales. The Miller, drunk, tells what seems to be a parody of the Reeve and includes that the Reeve’s wife has been cheating on him. As a comeback, the Reeve tells a tale about a miller who gets tricked and cuckolded.In addition to showing issues in the relationship, Chaucer also forms a comedic atmosphere through the novel. Chaucer makes a parody out of the Church, showing how all of the religious travelers in the story are, instead of being models of holiness, they are corrupt, break their vows, and are d efinitely not models of holiness. Ironically enough, the narrator, who is called Chaucer, gives the reader the impression that he is naive, but sometimes turns out to be knowledgeable about how the travelers want to be portrayed and how they actually are.When he describes the Monk, Chaucer agrees with the Monk’s opinions of how a monk is supposed to really act, whereas when he describes the Prioress, Chaucer paints her portrait to appear like a woman of high class while in reality, the Prioress is just a Nun who is concerned with how etiquette and how she eats. The Pardoner’s Tale is one that shows the most irony, because the three men vow to die for each other, but in the end, they kill each other. Also, what the Pardoner does is ironic because he makes people happy when they unknowingly fall for his tricks.Another example of irony is in the Franklin’s Tale when the rocks that Dorigen prays for disappear, all the trouble begins. The Miller’s Tale is also ironic because since John is concerned that his wife would cheat on him, he becomes extremely jealous and possessive, which makes his wife cuckold him. The travelers all have different reasons for telling his or her own tales, whether it is to make fun of someone else in the group, to make the rest of the travelers laugh, to show off, to confess, or to give a story of moral exemplum.With each story comes both different or similar moods and outcomes, and some even include moral teachings. Chaucer as the narrator wrote by memory about the profiles and stories told by the travelers. He included whether or not he liked certain travelers and how he felt about them just by how much or how little he wrote. The Canterbury Tales is a novel full of comedy, satire, irony, and reality. It is a cornucopia of tones and moods. The Canterbury Tales is truly a masterpiece of literature.

Food, Nutrition and Some Controversies About Mcdonald’s Essay

As you know Mc Donald’s is a chain of fast food restaurants. In Mc Donald’s you could find a variety of food for every part of the day. At the morning you will find some breakfast based on eggs, savory sausage and hot cakes. You could also drink some coffee a latte, a cappuccino or maybe a caramel frappe. If you go for lunch you will find the principal menu based on a sandwich and French fries. There are a lot of types of sandwiches: the chicken one, a sandwich made with fish, the variety of hamburgers and also the nuggets. If you want something sweet there are some desserts and many types of ice creams like Mc flurry, sundae or the basic one. In these time most of people want to be fit so they want to eat healthy food and this restaurant offered a menu for these public this menu is based on salad with chicken or a fruit salad. There are a lot of problems related with fast food because of the saturated fat and the low-nutrient that contributes to the body. That’s why fast food is also known as junk food. To reduce these problems Mc Donald’s use now the Canola oil to fry the hamburgers and the French fries. These problems are also why many people prefer to eat the vegetable or fruit salad. In 2004 Morgan Spurlock, an American producer and filmmaker, directed Super Size Me, a movie about a man who ate only McDonald’s during a whole month. After watching this film people start thinking about how unhealthy fast food is.

Hartmann’s Ego Development and Adaptation Essay

Heinz Hartmann’s Ego Development and Adaptation was a more comprehensive development of Sigmund Freud’s theory of Psychoanalysis. In the theory Freud divided the human mind into the id, ego and superego with each part having a specific function. The id was the internal instinctive drive for satisfaction of basic human needs and desires. The ego developed in a person to counter the id and its basic drive. The ego in some quarters is known as pride since it separated man from animal by controlling unbridled instinctive behavior. The superego constituted the conscience of the person and helped to balance the id and the ego, allowing either to operate only as necessary to satisfy basic human desires while maintaining the dignity of the individual (Hartmann, 1958). This paper is a summary of Hartmann’s theory on Ego Development and Adaptation. Ego Development and Adaptation Like Freud, Hartmann believed that the ego developed as a result of human interaction with the environment. This environment provided external stimuli such as rebuke by parents and mistakes such as falling down a slippery floor that shaped the way a person interacted with his environment after the experience (Hartmann, 1958). However, he went further to assiduously study ego functions hence coming up with a general psychology and a clinical instrument to evaluate the functioning of an individual and formulate therapeutic interventions. He believed that the ego was not formed just by external influences but also has innate capacities such as perception, attention, memory, concentration, motor coordination, and language. Under what he termed an average expectable environment these capacities developed independently of libidinal and aggressive drives; consequently they were not products of frustration and conflict (Hartmann, 1958). Nevertheless, he agreed that the human condition was inextricably embroiled in conflict thus some of the functions were shaped and conditioned by such conflicts. Aggressive and libidinal drives therefore helped shape these functions in the face of the conflicts (Hartmann, 1958). Conclusion So according to Hartmann the duty of the psychoanalyst is to neutralize the impulses shaped by conflict so as to expand conflict free functions. Only in this way can the psychoanalyst help facilitate the proper adaptation of the individual to his environment (Hartmann, 1958).

Chose a good topic for me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Chose a good topic for me - Essay Example Learning and horning effectual business writing skills can potentially have an immensely positive impact on my career advancement. Effective communication channels are a vital component in the successful running of any business organization. The use of professionally written writing material that is sent through these communication channels has been seen to improve an organization’s productivity as well as increase the ability of all the organization’s key functional areas to work together. This is especially so with the impact of globalization that has resulted in increasing global workplaces where collaboration is the usual norm (Small business Para 1). The development of professional courtesy is one of the benefits of enhancing my business writing skills. In this age of constant text messaging, formal writing is being severely affected and most leading companies have been seen to assume that poor writing skills is actually a sign of laziness. If a business document comes across to the recipient as being too abrupt, it can commonly be misconstrued as a sign of the recipient being not important enough for the sender to take the time out to carefully check the document’s spelling and grammar as well as write complete sentences. Conversely, if an email message is carefully written, it becomes more impressive than a letter because of its added advantage of rapid transmission. The email’s recipient assumes that the sender considers him to be important enough for him to ensure that the message arrived quickly(Small business Para 4). Good business writing skills help in actively persuading customers to buy a company’s products or services. This is an essential skill that is especially vital in the field of sales and marketing and may help a company in increasing its sales turnover figures (Small business Para 2). Business associates and supervisors who have

Westar beverage Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Westar beverage - Statistics Project Example alysis corresponds to the hotel’s monthly sales for both pub and nightclub, sales for the club, sales for the pub, total expenditure for the hotel, expenditure for the nightclub, expenditure for the pub, and room occupancy in the hotel. Using excel, regression analysis generates the following tables with coefficients. From the regression statistics, the high value of adjusted R square indicates that the regression model explains a high percentage of the considered data, more than 95 %. The model can therefore be used to predict beverage sales. The lower significance value from the ANOVA table, 0 relative to 0.05, also indicates that there exist significant relationship between beverage sales and the other variables. Further, the table of coefficients confirms that significant relationship exists between beverage sales and sales for the pub and sales for the nightclub. The hotel’s volume of sales equally depends on its two branches, pub, and club. Research into forecasting should therefore be diversified to investigate factors affecting sales in the two branches of the

The Increasing Importance of Complexity in International Relations Essay

The Increasing Importance of Complexity in International Relations - Essay Example Thus, the environment for each state is no longer limited to its internal and neighboring environment. The increasing number of factors makes it quite challenging to analyze the international environment for any country. Traditional analytical models that are based on linear relationships are no longer sufficient to explain the complex phenomena of international relations. The twentieth century approaches focused on managing order are giving way to fresher approaches (Rengger, 212) . Hence, complexity has become an increasingly important aspect of research on international relations. It offers an opportunity to apply a general systems theory to the analysis of international events. The international environment today is more complex and open than a decade ago. Factors such as globalization, climate change and terrorism have contributed much to integrate the world along several dimensions. This paper explains the increasing importance of complexity in international relations by identi fying the components of complexity theory and explaining their relevance to contemporary international events as well as past events that have significantly impacted on the present state of affairs. Concepts such as interdependence, fitness, and coevolution are discussed along with other essential concepts. The paper concludes with an overall assessment of the value can understanding of complexity can provide to the study of international relations.... Complexity theory offers an explanation for identifying and acknowledging such relationships. Its concepts and principles can be applied to analyze relationships between individual actors and the areas where mutual benefits and risks lie. The rapid pace of globalization is one of the major stimuli that have made complexity theory increasingly relevant to the study of international relations. Under the WTO agreements, the economies of individual countries have become increasingly dependent on one another. In addition, regional alliances such as ASEAN and the EU have made the economic and political systems of nation states dependent on one another. The most recent examples of such interdependence can be observed in the 2008 global financial crisis and the more recent Euro debt crisis. Events such as a sub-prime crisis in the US have affected economies around the world, mainly because the US is today the centre of the global economic system. Similarly, a debt crisis originating in Greec e has raised issues for the well-being of the German economy. Complexity theory can increase our understanding of such contemporary issues by supporting existing theories and concepts. Fitness and International Relations Complexity theory aims to explain the fitness between an actor and its environment. The concept of fitness is an integral component of complexity theory and treats an actor as a member that can affect and is also affected by changes taking place in the environment (Clemens, 13). Thus, in complexity theory individual actors are assumed to act in a complex environment. A complex environment is characterized by a large number of

The Role of Rearmament in International Relations Essay

The Role of Rearmament in International Relations - Essay Example After the World War I, many nations were disarming themselves to concentrate on rebuilding as the war had destroyed a lot of resources in terms of public infrastructure, killed a lot of people and the economies of most nations were on the downfall. Germany on the other hand left the league of nations and begun rearming itself again. This caused a threat to other nations in the region they could no sit back and wait to be attacked. 1The UK also embarked on rearmament program because Germany was becoming a threat. In the middle of 1930s, the British government obtained the biplanes to be used by the Royal Air Force and this was quite different from that which was being used in the First World War. Other weaponry obtained by the rearmament program included hawker hurricane, battleships, aircraft carriers and super marine spitfire. This came to be useful to them during the Second World War. 2 The end of the First World War was marked by the signing of the accord termed as the treaty of Versailles in the year 1919. The treaty was assented to by France, Italy, the Great Britain and not the US since it was later to draft its own accord with Germany in 1921. Many historians view the signing of the Versailles treaty as the major driving force that lead to the Second World War. ... Rearmament in the Rest of the World It's quite obvious that the most war oriented nations are those that spend a lot on rearmament obtaining more dangerous weaponry and military personnel. Germany has been criticized a lot for stimulating or rather initiating the Second World War. This is because by the time other nations were disarming and concentrating on development to recover what had been lost in the war, the Germans did the contrary and started building new weapons. In reaction to that, other countries like the UK begun to build weapons in fear that the Germans would attack them as the memories of the First World War were still fresh in their minds. 3 Hitler decided to violate the Versailles treaty claiming it was imposed to the German people. He called on all Germans to reunite and rearm and he stated clearly that the German would be the centre of the Europe and use the land to produce the food that the nation needed. For him to achieve this, Adolph Hitler realized that he needed a stronger army, than what he had inherited from his predecessor. He ordered the then army general to prepare an army of about 300,000 men, the ministry in charge of military was ordered to build 1,000 war planes and more military barracks were built as well. When the French refused his proposal to rearm, Hitler led the Nazi Germany out of the Geneva conference and was seen by many leaders as not being a supporter of external democracy and foreign policy. This led to reaction from other nations to follow suit. Japan was one of the nations to initiate a rearmament program. In 1936, its expenditure on national defense was estimated to be about 307 million dollars. France spent 716 million, the United Kingdom spent

Business Research for Decision Making DB 4 Essay

Business Research for Decision Making DB 4 - Essay Example For example, it is easy to determine the variables if their differences are visible such as male and female variables but very hard to determine when the variables are not visible such as honesty. According to Golafshani (2003), the main reason why operational definition is an important aspect, in defining things, is because it helps avoid cases of conflicting definitions of variables, terms or objects. Additionally, it gives the researcher control over the variables being researched on. The validity and reliability of an instrument can be said to be the accuracy in determining the variable to measure and the accuracy in measuring them. A reliable instrument gives the accurate measurements while a valid instrument measures the right thing (Golafshani, 2003). For instance, a research that uses instrument that focuses on the right variables will give more effective results as compared to an accurate instrument that does not focus at the right variables. Internal validity exists when the change in dependent variable is only influence by the independent variable and not other superfluous variable. External validity involves the applicability of the results obtained from a small experimented group into the rest of the world (Golafshani, 2003). Internal validity focuses on factors that may affect participants such as maturation, regression, testing, experimental mortality, instrumentation, history, selection, and interaction of threats. On the other hand, external focus on location, interaction and pretesting. Therefore, in order to make a valid decision in business research, all the processes involved should be valid. Golafshani Nahid. (2003). Understanding Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research. The Qualitative Report, Vol. 8. 597-607. Retrieved from {pdf} 21st April

Reflections of a Pencil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Reflections of a Pencil - Essay Example Teaching is likened to a pencil†¦. funny though, the thought of me being stick thin with a rubber head!...but seriously, like a pencil, everything I do leaves a mark†¦an impression that can be read and emulated by my students. It is important for me to build their trust in me as establish a relationship with them more than just being their teacher. Engaging them in conversations outside the academic subject matter we share during class time and focusing on their own interests would make them feel that I am truly interested in them as persons and not just in the school performance they can give out as students. One example is attending their extra-curricular events. Reaching out to their parents would definitely be beneficial not only to them but also to me. I would get a peep into their home lives and a more holistic view of my students, so I could more appropriately customize my teaching to them. Maintaining good and regular communication with parents gives me a lifeline of support in understanding my students better. Being a good role model not only to the students I teach but to everyone else is a tall order for a fallible creature like me, but that is what is called for as a teacher. Especially to my students, I am to embody what is true and good, a wellspring of values virtues wherefrom the youth can drink to sustain them in the building a good character. Thinking about such a noble task, makes me realize just how far I am from that ideal. Like everyone else, I am still a work in progress and very prone to commit mistakes. I lose my cool, I tend to favor some students over the others, and I don’t do a thorough lesson plan. These mistakes I could correct and rectify just like the pencil as I have become when my trusty rubber head comes in to erase my failures to provide me with a clean slate that can help me start a-fresh.   

Essay Midterm Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Midterm - Essay Example This paper will highlight and analyze the similarities and differences between Kant and Aquinas’ concepts of ethics and the moral value of actions. The positive and negative aspects of both concepts will then be analyzed for their application to a culturally diverse society. Both Kant and Aquinas attach a great significance to the role of practical reason in ethical life. Among other similarities in thinking, both philosophers emphasize on the importance of law in ethics and both make claims that certain kinds of actions are good and evil in them selves (Hinton, 2002). Practical reason refers to the general human capacity for resolving through reflection, the question of what to do. It considers a set of alternatives to determine what ought to be done (Wallace, 2003). Kant and Aquinas agreed that ethics are derived from practical reasoning and suggested that this concept allows one to distinguish good actions from bad ones. Emphasizing the importance of law in ethics, Aquinas establishes the concept of Natural Law which refers to ones compliance to the order of reason which directs the will. Kant focuses on the concept of Universal law emphasizing that one is obliged to conform to duty by laws that be relevant to us. The dissimilarity among the concepts of right the thinking of Aquinas and Kant emerge the very basic level of the fundamentals of ethics. Aquinas held that what is good should always hold superiority over what is right. Kant on the other hand discarded this dogma with his own core concept of ethics. He believed that what is right should always hold priority over what is good. His concepts of ethics were based on the thought that moral obligation should be consequential of nothing other than duty. Kant believed the notion of duty to be supreme. For him an action held no moral importance if it was not backed by the motive of duty. Aquinas and Kant’s principles of ethics also differed in terms of